Credit rating downgrades on Lebanon and its banks during of February 2020 weighed down on future business expectations. February’s PMI results revealed a stark pessimism in the private sectors’ sentiment ... read more
Abstract This study traces back Lebanon’s public debt levels, debt composition and the incurred costs of debt to infer the main cycle that has driven the country to its current downturn. Since September ... read more
The fiscal balance of Lebanon, an oil-importing economy, managed to record a larger primary surplus and a smaller deficit in 2017 even though international oil prices rose to an average price of $54.73 per ... read more
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