In its latest report on exchange rate unification published on 21 April 2021, the IIF surveys briefly the experiences of 12 countries with multiple exchange rates. The report argues that the parallel ... read more
Credit rating downgrades on Lebanon and its banks during of February 2020 weighed down on future business expectations. February’s PMI results revealed a stark pessimism in the private sectors’ sentiment ... read more
Abstract There is no international framework or sovereign law today that forces any country to undergo a debt restructuring or resort to the IMF when in crisis. In fact, to-date there is no “bankruptcy” ... read more
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